Table 3.

Adjuvant (analgesic) medication

	All patients (n = 104)	All patients who reached adequate pain control (n = 86)
	At the start of hydromorphone treatment, n (%)	At the start of hydromorphone treatment, n (%)	At adequate pain control, n (%)
Acetaminophen	89 (86)	74 (86)	74 (86)
NSAIDs	77 (74)	65 (76)	68 (79)
S(+)-ketamine	9 (9)	6 (7)	16 (19)
Antidepressants	19 (18)	16 (19)	11 (13)
Anticonvulsants	48 (46)	39 (45)	15 (18)
Dexamethasone	5 (5)	5 (6)	8 (9)
Haloperidol	15 (14)	10 (12)	14 (16)
Methylphenidate	3 (3)	3 (4)	4 (5)

NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs