Table 5.
Likely causes of newly detected heart failure and the NYHA class, according to the panel
| Possible cause/NYHA class | HFREF (n = 28) | HFPEF (n = 133) | All HF (n = 161) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prior myocardial infarction | 13 (46.4) | 24 (18.0) | 37 (23.0) |
| Other ischaemic heart diseasea | 14 (50) | 50 (37.6) | 64 (39.8) |
| Hypertension | 18 (64.3) | 114 (85.7) | 132 (82.0) |
| Hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy | 13 (46.4) | 82 (61.7) | 95 (59.0) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (7.1) | 15 (11.3) | 17 (10.6) |
| Other rhythm and/or conduction disturbances | 3 (10.7) | 5 (3.8) | 8 (5.0) |
| Valvular disease | 8 (28.6) | 30 (22.6) | 38 (23.6) |
| Diabetic cardiomyopathy | 12 (42.9) | 36 (27.1) | 48 (29.8) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (17.9) | 9 (6.8) | 14 (8.7) |
| Other | 3 (10.7) | 9 (6.8) | 12 (7.5) |
| NYHA class | |||
| II | 22 (78.6) | 98 (73.7) | 120 (74.5) |
| III | 4 (14.3) | 35 (26.3) | 39 (24.2) |
| IV | 2 (7.1) | 0 | 2 (1.2) |
Values are number (%) unless stated otherwise. The panel could adjudicate more than one possible cause
aAngina pectoris, coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention
HF, heart failure