Table 1.
Sample Characteristics of Geriatric Traumatic Brain Injury Patients (n=414/wn=1038)
| Characteristic | All patients, n=414 (wn=1038) % | Age 55–64 years, n=105 (wn=376) % | Age 65–74 years, n=159 (wn=348) % | Age 75–84 years, n=150 (wn=314) % | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 59.3 | 68.9 | 61.0 | 45.8 | 0.002 |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.41 | ||||
| Hispanic | 11.3 | 13.6 | 13.0 | 6.7 | |
| Non-Hispanic, white | 76.7 | 72.1 | 76.2 | 82.7 | |
| Non-Hispanic, non-white | 12.0 | 14.3 | 10.8 | 10.6 | |
| Insurance status | <0.0001 | ||||
| None | 8.7 | 16.8 | 5.2 | 3.0 | |
| Medicare Only | 17.7 | 6.0 | 26.7 | 22.0 | |
| Medicare plus private | 46.7 | 7.1 | 65.5 | 73.4 | |
| Private only | 22.3 | 61.6 | |||
| Medicaid | 2.4 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 0.5 | |
| Other | 2.1 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | |
| Marital status at injury | <0.0001 | ||||
| Single | 7.5 | 12.6 | 5.1 | 4.2 | |
| Married/partnered | 59.7 | 58.0 | 70.9 | 49.3 | |
| Widowed | 17.3 | 4.4 | 12.7 | 37.9 | |
| Divorced/separated | 15.5 | 25.0 | 11.3 | 8.7 | |
| Maximum AIS-head | 0.95 | ||||
| <3 | 14.8 | 15.6 | 13.9 | 14.8 | |
| ≥3 | 85.2 | 84.4 | 86.1 | 85.2 | |
| Injury Severity Score, mean (SD) | 18.2 (13.1) | 19.2 (17.0) | 17.9 (11.7) | 17.5 (10.9) | 0.10 |
| Isolated TBI | 23.5 | 20.7 | 21.4 | 29.2 | 0.23 |
| First ED Glasgow Coma Score, total mean (SD) | 13.7 (4.9) | 13.4 (7.0) | 13.6 (4.6) | 14.2 (3.1) | 0.12 |
| First ED Glasgow Coma Score-motor | 0.005 | ||||
| 6 | 89.8 | 86.4 | 87.7 | 96.2 | |
| 4–5 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 5.4 | 0.1 | |
| 2–3 | 0.4 | - | 0.4 | 0.8 | |
| 1, not paralyzed | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 1.5 | |
| 1, paralyzed | 5.1 | 9.6 | 3.7 | 1.4 | |
| Pupillary response unequal and non-reactive | 3.5 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 0.78 |
| Midline shift on CT | 7.2 | 3.1 | 6.1 | 13.5 | 0.002 |
| Number of pre-injury ADL difficulties | <0.0001 | ||||
| 0 | 84.9 | 94.2 | 87.0 | 71.5 | |
| ≥ 1 | 15.1 | 5.8 | 13.0 | 28.5 | |
| Number of pre-injury IADL difficulties | <0.0001 | ||||
| 0 | 84.5 | 91.3 | 86.3 | 74.2 | |
| ≥ 1 | 15.5 | 8.7 | 13.7 | 25.8 | |
| Pre-injury Charlson score | <0.0001 | ||||
| 0 | 46.1 | 63.6 | 42.9 | 28.8 | |
| 1 | 25.8 | 20.1 | 28.4 | 29.6 | |
| 2 | 13.1 | 8.7 | 14.5 | 17.0 | |
| ≥ 3 | 15.0 | 7.6 | 14.2 | 24.6 | |
| Discharge disposition | <0.0001 | ||||
| Home | 53.3 | 61.7 | 55.7 | 40.5 | |
| Rehabilitation | 30.1 | 28.0 | 29.6 | 33.2 | |
| Skilled nursing | 13.1 | 5.9 | 10.4 | 24.6 | |
| Facility/nursing home/residential facility | |||||
| Others | 3.6 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 1.7 | |
| History of depression before injury | 0.03 | ||||
| No | 81.8 | 80.6 | 85.4 | 79.2 | |
| Yes, not on medication | 14.5 | 17.0 | 8.0 | 18.9 | |
| Yes, on medication | 3.7 | 2.4 | 6.6 | 1.9 |
Data are presented as percentages (%) unless otherwise noted.
ED, emergency department; AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; SD, standard deviation; wn, weighted number; ADL, Katz activities of daily living; IADL, Lawton instrumental activities of daily living.