Table 1.
Frequency of IFN-γ-positive persons in response to Leishmania (Leish) antigens A, B, or C compared with LST-positive persons residing in areas of Iran endemic for ZCL, ACL, and ZVL and in a non-endemic area*
| Area | IFN-γ responder to Leish A (no. positive/no. tested) | IFN-γ responder to Leish B (no. positive/no. tested) | IFN-γ responder to Leish C (no. positive/no. tested) | Frequency of LST-positive response (no. positive/no. tested) | Magnitude of LST reactions (mean ± SD diameter, mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZCL-1 | 45.5% (55/121)† | 43.8% (53/121)† | – | 100% (121/121)† | 15.55 ± 4.96 |
| ZCL-2 | 46.7% (28/60)† | – | 50% (30/60)† | 98.3% (59/60)† | 14.16 ± 4.60 |
| ACL | 33.7% (35/104)† | – | 36.5% (38/104)† | 94.4% (85/90)† | 15.10 ± 7.18 |
| ZVL | 53.7% (36/67) | – | 58.2% (39/67) | 70.2% (47/67) | 8.84 ± 2.44 |
| Non-endemic | 9.8% (10/102) | – | 13.7% (14/102) | 0 | 0 |
*
IFN-γ = interferon-γ ZCL = zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis; ACL = anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis; ZVL = zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis.
†
A significant difference was observed between LST-positive persons and IFN-γ responders to antigens A, B, or C.