Table 1. Description of Screening Strategies.
Symptom combinations | |
1. | Cough ≥2 weeks |
2. | Any symptom (cough, haemoptysis, fever, night sweats, weight loss) of any duration or severity |
3. | Cough ≥3 weeks or haemoptysis |
4. | Productive cough ≥2 weeks |
5. | Cough ≥2 weeks or weight loss |
6. | Symptom combination used in this survey: Cough >7 days, and/or haemoptysis and/or ≥2 out of the following symptoms: fever (for >7 days), night sweats (for >7 days), weight loss resulting in a changed fit of clothes |
Symptom and smear microscopy | |
7. | Cough ≥2 weeks and smear positive (≥ scanty [1–9 AFB/whole smear]) |
Chest radiography | |
8. | Any abnormality |
9. | Pulmonary and/or pleural abnormalities only |
Combinations (applied in parallel) | |
10. | Screening strategy used in this survey: Any abnormality on CXR and/or positive symptom screening as in #6 above |
11. | Any abnormality on CXR and/or cough ≥2 weeks |
12. | Any abnormality on CXR and/or cough >7 days (systemic symptoms excluded) |
13. | Any abnormality on CXR and/or cough ≥2 weeks (rather than >7 days) and/or haemoptysis and/or ≥2 out of: fever (for >7 days), night sweats (for >7 days), weight loss (changed fit of clothes) |
14. | Pulmonary and/or pleural abnormality on CXR and/or cough ≥2 weeks and/or ≥2 out of: fever (for >7 days), night sweats (for >7 days), weight loss (changed fit of clothes) |
Sequential combination taking HIV-status into account | |
15. | Step 1: Symptoms screening first. If positive for any symptom of any duration, CXR is taken.Step 2: If HIV-negative, only persons with a CXR abnormality are suspected of TB. If HIV-positive, persons with either a CXR abnormality or a positive symptom combination as in #10 are suspected of TB. |
The numbers are referred to in the text, tables and figure.