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. 2012 Jun 1;45(9):1656–1660. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.020

Table 3.

Mean angular accelerations of the foot segment (αfoot), shank segment (αshank) and thigh segment (αthigh) at peak knee moment, with standard deviations for forward and backward running. indicates that the backward running condition was significantly different from forward running with p<0.05 and ⁎⁎ with p<0.01.

αfootatMk(max)(deg./s2) αshankatMk(max)(deg./s2) αthighatMk(max)(deg./s2)
Forward 1351±1745 3420±1617 −3048±1607
Backward −2976±2683⁎⁎ 4228±931⁎⁎ −3357±1179
Significance <0.01 <0.01 0.303