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. 2012 Jul 9;3:126. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00126

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Copyright © 2012 Rubinchik-Stern and Eyal.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.

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A schematic representation of the syncytioblast. Free drugs and their metabolites usually cross the placenta by passive diffusion, transporter-mediate transfer, or both. Within the syncytium, drugs can undergo phase I and phase II metabolism. P-gp, P-glycoprotein; BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein; MRP, multidrug resistance-associated protein; OATP, organic anion-associated polypeptide; OAT, organic anion transporter; OCT, organic cation transporter; OCTN, organic cation/carnitine transporters; SERT, serotonin transporter; NET, norepinephrine transporter; ENT, equilibrative nucleoside transporter; CYP, cytochrome P450; UGT, uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases.