Table 1.
Participant Characteristics at Enrollment
| |
Treatment assignment |
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Diaphragm with Acidform™ n (%) | Diaphragm with HEC n (%) | Acidform only n (%) | HEC only n (%) | pa |
| Age, years | |||||
| 36+ | 14 (31.1) | 11 (22.9) | 18 (37.5) | 14 (29.2) | 0.003 |
| 29–35 | 8 (17.8) | 7 (14.6) | 9 (18.8) | 9 (18.8) | – |
| 24–28 | 8 (17.8) | 15 (31.3) | 8 (16.7) | 14 (29.2) | – |
| <24 | 15 (33.3) | 15 (31.3) | 13 (27.1) | 11 (22.9) | – |
| Marital status | |||||
| Cohabitation/married | 6 (13.3) | 5 (10.4) | 5 (10.4) | 6 (12.5) | 0.04 |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 21 (46.7) | 19 (39.6) | 18 (37.5) | 24 (50) | – |
| Never married | 18 (40) | 24 (50) | 25 (52.1) | 18 (37.5) | – |
| Education, years | |||||
| ≥5.5 | 24 (53.3) | 23 (47.9) | 25 (52.1) | 23 (47.9) | 0.71 |
| <5.5 | 21 (46.7) | 25 (52.1) | 23 (47.9) | 25 (52.1) | – |
| Household items | |||||
| No electricity | 20 (44.4) | 18 (37.5) | 19 (39.6) | 21 (43.8) | <0.001 |
| Electricity only | 3 (6.7) | 11 (22.9) | 10 (20.8) | 6 (12.5) | – |
| Electricity plus other itemb | 22 (48.9) | 19 (39.6) | 19 (39.6) | 21 (43.8) | – |
| Sex acts, typical weekc | |||||
| 15+ | 15 (33.3) | 11 (22.9) | 12 (25.5) | 9 (18.8) | <0.001 |
| 10–14 | 12 (26.7) | 12 (25.0) | 12 (25.5) | 13 (27.1) | – |
| 6–9 | 15 (33.3) | 17 (35.4) | 12 (25.5) | 13 (27.1) | – |
| <6 | 3 (6.7) | 8 (16.7) | 11 (23.4) | 13 (27.1) | – |
| Have main partner | |||||
| Yes | 18 (40) | 18 (37.5) | 17 (35.4) | 25 (52.1) | 0.004 |
| No | 27 (60) | 30 (62.5) | 31 (64.6) | 23 (47.9) | |
| Sex partners, typical weekd | |||||
| 10+ | 21 (46.7) | 15 (31.3) | 16 (33.3) | 16 (33.3) | 0.01 |
| 5–9 | 16 (35.6) | 21 (43.8) | 23 (47.9) | 20 (41.7) | – |
| ≤4 | 8 (17.8) | 12 (25.0) | 9 (18.8) | 12 (25.0) | – |
| Typical condom use with clients | |||||
| Always/almost always | 20 (44.4) | 19 (39.6) | 26 (54.2) | 25 (52.1) | 0.02 |
| Never/rarely/sometimes | 25 (55.6) | 29 (60.4) | 22 (45.8) | 23 (47.9) | – |
| Hormonal contraception at last sex | |||||
| Yes | 12 (26.7) | 10 (20.8) | 12 (25) | 10 (20.8) | 0.55 |
| No | 33 (73.3) | 38 (79.2) | 36 (75) | 38 (79.2) | – |
| Gravidity | |||||
| 4+ | 16 (35.6) | 15 (31.3) | 18 (37.5) | 17 (35.4) | 0.11 |
| 3 | 10 (22.2) | 6 (12.5) | 9 (18.8) | 11 (22.9) | – |
| 2 | 9 (20.0) | 12 (25.0) | 11 (22.9) | 9 (18.8) | – |
| 0–1 | 10 (22.2) | 15 (31.3) | 10 (20.8) | 11 (22.9) | – |
| Ever told by clinician that she had STI | |||||
| Yes | 16 (36.4) | 18 (37.5) | 22 (46.8) | 21 (44.7) | 0.14 |
| No | 28 (63.6) | 30 (62.5) | 25 (53.2) | 26 (55.3) | – |
| Intravaginal cleansing frequency, past week | |||||
| 28+ times | 11 (24.4) | 17 (35.4) | 17 (35.4) | 15 (31.3) | <0.001 |
| 21–27 times | 13 (28.9) | 11 (22.9) | 10 (20.8) | 16 (33.3) | – |
| 14–20 times | 14 (31.1) | 14 (29.2) | 9 (18.8) | 7 (14.6) | – |
| <14 times | 7 (15.6) | 6 (12.5) | 12 (25.0) | 10 (20.8) | – |
Due to rounding and missing data, not all categories sum to 100%.
a
p value for Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test of general association.
b
Television, refrigerator, cell phone, tap water, or flush toilet.
c
Median 10; interquartile range 8.5.
d
Median 7; interquartile range 5.
HEC, hydroxyethylcellulose gel; STI, sexually transmitted infection.