Table 2.

Etiologic agents in infective endocarditis

Agent	Endocarditis all type (%)	Early PVE <12 months (%)	Late PVE >12 months (%)
Streptococci	60–80 (30–40 Viridans)	2	28
Staphylococci	20–35	25 (S Aureus)	17 (S Aureus)
Coagulase-positive	10–27	25 (S Aureus)	17 (S Aureus)
Coagulase-negative	1-3	29	12
Enterococci	5–18	10	14
Gram-negative aerobic bacilli	1.5–13	13	5
Fungi	2–4	7	2
Culture-negative	<5–24	8	9
Polymicrobial	Rare	2	5
Diphtheroids	NA	3	2
Coxiella burnetii	NA	-	2

PVE - prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Adapted from references (2,9)