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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Dec 7;56(3):454–465. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100270

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Enhancement of the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents by turmeric. (A) HCT-116 cells treated with 25 μg/mL turmeric for 12, 24, and 48 h were analyzed for cell cytotoxicity using live/dead assay. Data represent the mean±SD of three field measurements. (B) Turmeric suppresses constitutive activation of NF-κB in HCT-116 cells. Cells (5×105 cells/mL) were incubated with 25 μg/mL turmeric for 12 h, nuclear extracts were prepared and assayed for NF-κB activation by EMSA. The values below the EMSA gel indicate fold decrease in NF-κB activity. (C) Turmeric suppresses expression of gene products involved in tumor cell survival. HCT-116 cells were incubated with turmeric (25 μg/mL) for 12, 24, and 48 h. Whole cell extracts were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting using the indicated antibodies. The same blots were stripped and reprobed with β-actin antibody to verify equal protein loading. (D, E) HCT-116 cells were treated with turmeric (25 μg/mL) for 12 h, washed with PBS to remove turmeric, and then treated with 20 mM capecitabine or 5 nM Taxol for 24 h. Cell cytotoxicity was determined by live/dead assay. Data represent the mean±SD of three field measurements.