Injury to the ventricle such as myocardial infarction, ischemia, infection, valvular disease, familial, idiopathic activates the renin angiotensin and sympathetic nervous system along with cytokines. These in turn can cause direct damage to the individual cardiac myocytes resulting in contractile dysfunction and abnormal calcium cycling and eventual apoptosis and death. Targeting the SERCA2a/PLN proteome may have beneficial effects in abrogating the damage done to the individual cardiomyocytes.