Studies 1 and 2: Race preferences of Coloured, Black, and White children tested in a multiracial school, and of Black children tested in a Black township. The graphs show participants’ mean percentage choices of Xhosa (Black South African) faces when compared to White South African, Coloured, and foreign Black African faces. Error bars represent standard error and asterisks indicate bars that are significantly above or below chance according to one-sample t tests (*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < .05). One-sample t-test values (left to right) are as follows: t(35) = −8.57, −10.09, 4.17; t(22) = −8.93, −7.89, 4.72; t(14) = −2.79, −2.92, 6.61; t(31) < 1, < 1, = 2.90).