A, Jurkat T or YTS cells transduced with control lentivirus (LV) or Toso-encoding lentivirus (LV-Toso) were stained with anti-Toso mAb plus anti-IgG Ab PE or APC-conjugated mIgM (mIgM-APC) or mIgM plus anti-IgM Ab PE and analyzed by flow cytometry. B, top panel. Freshly isolated PBMC were stained with anti-Toso, anti-CD3, and anti-CD56 mAbs. Subsets of NK cells were recognized by CD56bright or CD56dim populations and analyzed for Toso expression. The right panel shows the average from 4 donors; error bars indicate SEM. Statistical analysis was done by two tailed unpaired student’s t-test. **p<0.01. Bottom panel, Freshly isolated PBMC were stained with anti-human IgM μ chain mAb (anti-IgM) or anti-Toso mAb, and gated on NK cells. These histograms are representative of 3 experiments using cells from different donors. C, NK cells that had been cultured in X-vivo medium with Ig-depleted serum were preincubated with or without Fc5μ then stained with mIgM-APC and analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Toso/FcμR on these NK cells is also shown. This is one representative of 3 experiments.