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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Transfusion. 2012 Mar 27;52(12):2533–2550. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03618.x

Figure 7. Kinetics of immune response to trauma.

Figure 7

Overlays of the models’ prediction of the influence of time since trauma controlling for the other covariates are plotted by protein type. Predicted values at 1 year after trauma are set as the baseline (0) for each cytokine to show elevation or depression relative to this value. The inflammation plot includes the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17, TNFα, TNFβ, and MIF, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1Ra and IL-10, and IL-6, which has both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. The healing plot includes the wound healing proteins EGF, FGF-2, VEGF, MMP-9, and tPAI-1, the activated endothelial markers sE-Selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1, and the homeostasis cytokines IL-7 and IL-15. The apoptosis plot includes the pro-apoptotic sFasL and the anti-apoptotic sFas. The chemokine plot includes IP-10, IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP-1, eotaxin, fractalkine, and MDC.