Correlation between MVD and the expression of (A) HIF-1α, (B) VEGF and (C) MMP-2. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed that VEGF expression was significantly associated with MVD (B) (P=0.008). The expression levels of (A) HIF-1α and (C) MMP-2 were not associated with MVD (P=0.540 and P=0.092, respectively).*Statistically significant difference. HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2; MVD, microvessel density.