Importance of HO-1 in the anti-inflammatory action of EP. Cells were transfected with ssiRNA or siHO-1 RNA, which were subjected to western blot to confirm siHO-1 efficiency by EP (25 mM) for 8 h (A). Cells were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of EP (25 mM) for 16 h. Then, cell extract and culture medium samples were subjected to western blot for iNOS and HMGB1, respectively (B). Significance compared with control, **p<0.01; significance compared with LPS, ††p<0.01; significance compared with LPS+EP+ssiRNA, §p<0.05 and §§p<0.01; significance compared with EP+ssiRNA, #p<0.05.