Table 1.
Distribution of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Young Children With and Without DPa
| Characteristic | Children With DP (n=227) |
Children Without DP (n=232) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex, No. (%) | ||
| Male | 148 (65.2) | 138 (59.5) |
| Female | 79 (34.8) | 94 (40.5) |
| Age, mean (SD) [range], mo | 18.6 (0.9) [17.3–23.3] | 18.4 (0.8) [17.3–24.7] |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | ||
| White | 155 (68.3) | 144 (62.1) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 13 (5.7) | 12 (5.2) |
| Black/African American | 0 | 6 (2.6) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 25 (11.0) | 29 (12.5) |
| Mixed/other | 34 (15.0) | 41 (17.7) |
| Familial socioeconomic status | ||
| Mean (SD) | 47.4 (12.4) | 45.6 (12.5) |
| No. (%) | ||
| I (high) | 82 (36.1) | 60 (25.9) |
| II | 88 (38.8) | 100 (43.1) |
| III | 35 (15.4) | 47 (20.3) |
| IV | 16 (7.0) | 20 (8.6) |
| V (low) | 6 (2.6) | 5 (2.2) |
| Torticollis, No. (%) | ||
| Suspected | 9 (4.0) | 3 (1.3) |
| Confirmed | 90 (39.6) | 2 (0.9) |
| None | 128 (56.4) | 227 (97.8) |
| Twin, No. (%) | ||
| Yes | 27 (11.9) | 2 (0.9) |
| No | 200 (88.1) | 230 (99.1) |
| Neonatal intensive care unit placement, No. (%) | ||
| Yes | 27 (11.9) | 12 (5.2) |
| No | 200 (88.1) | 219 (94.4) |
| Missing | 0 | 1 (0.4) |
| Orthotic helmet or band therapy, No. (%) | ||
| Yes | 80 (35.2) | 0 |
| No | 147 (64.8) | 232 (100) |
| Developmental interventions, No. (%) | ||
| Physical or occupational therapy | 77 (33.9) | 6 (2.6) |
| Speech-language therapy | 9 (4.0) | 1 (0.4) |
| Birth-to-3 monitoring | 8 (3.5) | 6 (2.6) |
| Other | 19 (8.4) | 6 (2.6) |
| Any developmental interventions | 84 (37.0) | 14 (6.0) |
| DP severity, No. (%) | ||
| None | 2 (0.9) | 163 (70.3) |
| Mild | 103 (45.4) | 67 (28.9) |
| Moderate to severe | 122 (53.7) | 2 (0.9) |
Abbreviation: DP, deformational plagiocephaly.
a
Percentages may not sum to 100 because of rounding.