Table 4. Mean^* foraging rates and normalized rates for each seed distribution.

Species	Distribution	First seedto Last Seed			Start-timeto Last Seed
		Mean	SE		Mean	SE
P. desertorum	Natural	0.610	1.292		0.569	0.826
N = 9	1 pile	0.683	0.485	N = 15	0.249	0.316
	4 piles	0.316	0.266		0.138	0.190
	16 piles	0.350	0.123		0.173	0.112
	Random	0.314	0.095		0.235	0.136
	Total	2.273
P. maricopa	Natural	3.286	1.218		3.025	1.066
N = 9	1 pile	1.018	0.457	N = 9	0.650	0.408
	4 piles	0.842	0.251		0.367	0.245
	16 piles	0.485	0.116		0.383	0.145
	Random	0.429	0.090		0.328	0.175
	Total	6.060
P. rugosus	Natural	3.696	1.218		3.591	0.887
N = 9	1 pile	3.436	0.457	N = 13	2.340	0.339
	4 piles	1.726	0.251		1.438	0.204
	16 piles	1.490	0.116		1.345	0.121
	Random	1.005	0.090		1.080	0.146
	Total	11.353
Measure: Normalized foraging rates
P. desertorum	Natural	2.555	8.142		4.289	5.858
N = 9	1 pile	2.491	1.352	N = 15	1.325	0.809
	4 piles	1.175	0.426		0.638	0.254
	16 piles	1.177	0.195		0.868	0.171
P. maricopa	Natural	17.041	8.142		18.654	7.562
N = 9	1 pile	4.072	1.352	N = 9	3.182	1.045
	4 piles	2.361	0.426		1.392	0.328
	16 piles	1.320	0.195		1.328	0.220
P. rugosus	Natural	4.190	8.142		4.102	6.292
N = 9	1 pile	3.614	1.352	N = 13	2.550	0.869
	4 piles	1.790	0.426		1.373	0.273
	16 piles	1.582	0.195		1.494	0.183
Combined species	Natural	7.929	4.701		9.015	3.817
N = 27	1 pile	3.392	0.781	N = 37	2.352	0.527
	4 piles	1.775	0.246		1.135	0.166
	16 piles	1.360	0.112		1.230	0.111

^*Based on modified population marginal means. Total collection time used to calculate the rates is measured from first seed to last seed of each distribution and from the time the observation starts to last seed of each distribution.