Table 1. Mean ± SE for each variable measured in the study, and the effects of Treatment, controlling for Nest (random factor) and Date.
| HB (n = 16) | LB (n = 16) | Treatment | |
| Initial body mass (g) | 81.0±3.2 | 80.5±3.1 | 0.01ns |
| Consumed food (g) | 98.8±3.7 | 97.5±3.6 | 0.00ns |
| Feces mass (g) | 39.3±2.8 | 40.3±2.7 | 0.00ns |
| Mass gained (g) | 6.6±1.3 | 9.0±1.2 | 2.79ns |
| Immune response (mm) | 0.58±0.06 | 0.69±0.06 | 5.13* |
| Total time begging (s) | 2930±115 | 446±122 | 211.42*** |
| MDA (nmoles/ml) | 31.3±2.6 | 29.6±2.5 | 0.42ns |
| SOD (mU/ml) | 526±68 | 525±62 | 0.03ns |
| GPX (mU/ml) | 596±63 | 690±60 | 3.15 § |
| GR (mU/ml) | 62.6±8.6 | 63.0±8.3 | 0.00ns |
| Protein (mg/ml) | 62.9±9.6 | 48.0±9.2 | 4.03§ |
A Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimation General Linear Mixed Model (REML-GLMM) was used. F-values are shown. HB is for nestlings begging at a high level, and LB for nestlings begging at lower levels. Degrees of freedom were 1 for Treatment, and 18 for error. For time begging the analysis was performed after log-transformation, although raw data are shown. P-values: * for P<0.05; ** for P<0.01, and *** for P<0.001, § for 0.05<P<0.10, and ns for non significant.