Table 3.
PositScience Training | TV/Movie Control | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cognitive Domain M (SD) |
Baseline | After Training |
Follow-up | Baseline | After Training |
Follow-up |
Letter Fluency | 13.8 (3.7) | 14.8 (3.3) | 13.5 (5.0) | 16.0 (5.6) | 17.2 (5.8) | 16.6 (4.7) |
Category Fluency | 16.4 (3.7) | 17.1 (5.4) | 18.5 (5.4) | 16.6 (4.0) | 16.1 (4.1) | 17.1 (4.0) |
Spatial Span | 7.4 (2.8) | 7.8 (3.1) | 7.5 (3.0) | 8.5 (3.3) | 9.1 (3.3) | 8.9 (3.5) |
Letter Number Sequencing |
8.5 (2.8) | 8.7 (2.3) | 9.0 (2.0) | 8.9 (2.3) | 8.8 (2.0) | 8.9 (3.0) |
Digit Symbol | 6.5 (2.3) | 7.2 (2.4) | 7.1 (2.0) | 6.4 (1.3) | 7.4 (1.9) | 7.8 (1.4) |
HVLT Total Recall | 34.1 (12.2) | 33.5 (10.2) | 39.6 (11.4) | 35.5 (8.7) | 33.2 (9.9) | 38.8 (10.8) |
HVLT Delayed Recall | 34.8 (11.2) | 29.9 (13.5) | 36.2 (11.1) | 34.9 (10.1) | 30.7 (9.9) | 37.3 (10.4) |
HVLT % Retention | 39.8 (14.1) | 35.9 (14.6) | 41.3 (10.7) | 38.8 (15.2) | 37.1 (14.0) | 45.0 (10.2) |
HVLT Recognition Discrimination |
43.4 (11.4) | 39.9 (12.0) | 38.8 (11.4) | 43.3 (12.8) | 41.2 (12.5) | 44.9 (11.1) |
BVMT Total | 31.4 (14.7) | 34.4 (12.8) | 37.5 (11.6) | 37.1 (12.5) | 43.0 (12.8) | 41.7 (11.0) |
BVMT Learning | 52.5 (14.5) | 46.2 (8.3) | 50.8 (8.2) | 50.5 (11.0) | 49.0 (10.6) | 53.3 (6.8) |
BVMT Delayed Recall |
32.4 (15.6) | 36.0 (16.7) | 39.4 (14.0) | 39.7 (11.5) | 46.1 (12.1) | 43.1 (11.5) |
Global Cognition | 16.8 (4.8) | 17.6 (4.2) | 18.6 (4.2) | 18.4 (3.7) | 19.3 (4.2) | 20.0 (3.7) |
Self-Report | ||||||
MASQ | ||||||
Language | 18.5 (3.8) | 19.0 (5.7) | 17.9 (6.2) | 19.5 (4.1) | 20.2 (3.2) | 19.2 (2.6) |
Visual Perceptual Ability |
12.8 (3.6) | 12.2 (3.7) | 13.3 (4.0) | 16.2 (4.4) | 16.4 (4.1) | 16.7 (3.9) |
Verbal Memory | 19.0 (5.4) | 18.4 (5.5) | 19.7 (5.6) | 23.4 (4.7) | 22.1 (3.8) | 22.2 (4.7) |
Visual Spatial Memory |
16.9 (5.2) | 17.2 (6.0) | 14.9 (5.6) | 20.2 (4.8) | 20.6 (3.5) | 18.8 (6.0) |
Attention Concentration |
19.5 (5.2) | 19.3 (6.1) | 17.8 (6.1) | 22.1 (3.9) | 20.9 (4.2) | 21.1 (5.1) |
Note. HVLT=Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; BVMT=Brief Visuospatial Memory Test; MASQ=Multiple Ability Self-Report Questionnaire.