Table I.

The five levels of GMFCS, MACS, and CFCS

Classification systems
Level	GMFCS	MACS	CFCS
I	Walks without limitations	Handles objects easily and successfully	Sends and receives information with familiar and unfamiliar partners effectively and efficiently
II	Walks with limitations	Handles most objects but with somewhat reduced quality and/or speed of achievement	Sends and receives information with familiar and unfamiliar partners but may need extra time
III	Walks using a hand-held mobility device	Handles objects with difficulty; needs help to prepare and/or modify activities	Sends and receives information with familiar partners effectively, but not with unfamiliar partners
IV	Self-mobility with limitations; may use powered mobility	Handles a limited selection of easily managed objects in adapted situations	Inconsistently sends and/or receives information even with familiar partners
V	Transported in a manual wheelchair	Does not handle objects and has severely limited ability to perform even simple actions	Seldom effectively sends and receives information even with familiar partners

GMFCS, Gross Motor Function Classification System; MACS, Manual Ability Classification System; CFCS, Communication Function Classification System. Adapted with permission from Hidecker et al.⁸