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. 2012 Jul 15;23(14):2793–2804. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E12-02-0103

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© 2012 Iwasawa et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

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FIGURE 5: — Knockdown of afadin suppresses axon branching induced by active R-Ras. (A) Cortical neurons were transfected with YFP and shRNAs together with Myc-tagged R-Ras QL before plating using nucleofection technology and fixed at 3 DIV. The fluorescence images of YFP are shown. Scale bar, 50 μm. (B, C) Total axon length (B) and axon tip number per 100 μm (C) were measured. (D, E) Hippocampal neurons were transfected as described in A, and total axon length (D) and axon tip number per 100 μm (E) were measured. The results are means ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 60; ns, not significant; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc test). The fold increase of axon branching by ectopic expression of R-Ras is indicated in the columns.