Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Study Population.
| Survivors (n = 107) | Non-survivors (n = 70) | P | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 56.0 (42.0–71.0) | 71.5 (59.0–80.0) | <.0001 |
| Female gender | 51 (48%) | 28 (40%) | .35 |
| Caucasian race | 99 (93%) | 66 (94%) | .64 |
| Acute Illness/ARDS risk factor | |||
| Pneumonia | 79 (75%) | 53 (76%) | .86 |
| Septic shock | 58 (55%) | 46 (66%) | .18 |
| Sepsis (w/o shock) | 34 (32%) | 19 (27%) | .49 |
| Trauma | 6 (6%) | 1 (1%) | .16 |
| Aspiration | 8 (8%) | 8 (11%) | .38 |
| Multiple transfusions | 8 (8%) | 6 (9%) | .81 |
| Acute hepatic failure | 0 | 4 (5.7%) | .01 |
| Cardiac History | |||
| Known coronary artery disease | 18 (17%) | 26 (37%) | .003 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 12 (12%) | 14 (20%) | .12 |
| Prior coronary artery bypass grafting | 4 (4%) | 6 (9%) | .19 |
| Hyperlipidemia history | 20 (19%) | 13 (19%) | .91 |
| Hypertension history | 41 (39%) | 33 (47%) | .31 |
| Congestive heart failure | 8 (8%) | 10 (14%) | .16 |
| Chronic Health | |||
| Cirrhosis | 2 (1.9%) | 8 (11.4%) | .007 |
| Corticosteroid therapy | 14 (13%) | 16 (23%) | .10 |
| Diabetes history | 25 (23%) | 15 (21%) | .74 |
| Smoking history | 59 (66%) | 40 (65%) | .89 |
| Metastatic solid-organ malignancy | 3 (2.8%) | 2 (2.8%) | .99 |
| Baseline physiologic variables | |||
| APACHE III score | 73.0 (59.0–87.0) | 90.0 (75.0–105.0) | <.0001 |
| Lowest WBC count (1000/mm3) | 12.1 (6.7–16.0) | 11.6 (7.4–17.4) | .61 |
| Highest WBC count (1000/mm3) | 16.1 (11.0–20.8) | 16.4 (11.3–24.3) | .70 |
| Lowest mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 58.0 (54.0–63.0) | 56.0 (51.0–60.0) | .04 |
| Need for vasopressor therapy | 64 (60%) | 47 (67%) | .32 |
| Serum BUN (mg/dL) | 23.0 (14.0–37.0) | 34.0 (20.0–50.0) | .03 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.2 (0.9–1.9) | 1.5 (0.8–2.2) | .59 |
| 24-hour urine output (cc) | 1687.5 (1082–2560) | 1214.0 (710–1940) | .008 |
| Serum total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.90 (0.5–2.5) | .01 |
| Red blood cell units transfused | 1.5 (0–3.0) | 2 (0–4.0) | .16 |
| Platelet count | 178.0 (116.0–263.0) | 193.5 (80.0–267.0) | .35 |
| Tidal volume (cc per kg of ideal body weight) | 9.1 (7.6–10.7) | 8.0 (7.0–10.1) | .07 |
| Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (cm H2O) | 10.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.0 (5.0–12.0) | .43 |
Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range), categorical variables as number of patients in each category and (% of the total category).