Table 2.
Item Response Theory Parameters by Race and Tests of Differential Item Functioning
| White
|
African American
|
Lord’s χ2
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Difficulty (b) | Discrimination (a) | Difficulty (b) | Discrimination (a) | Statistic | p | CDIF | NCDIF | BOF | |
| Hyperactive | |||||||||
| At school often on the go | 1.16 | 3.56 | 1.22 | 3.40 | 0.74 | .69 | 0.0020 | 0.0005 | 0.25 |
| Climbs on things shouldn’t at school | 1.18 | 2.45 | 1.23 | 3.15 | 2.61 | .27 | 0.0068 | 0.0010 | 0.42 |
| School says noisier than peers | 0.96 | 2.62 | 1.13 | 2.60 | 5.89 | .05 | 0.0122 | 0.0044 | 0.50 |
| At playtime noisier than peers | 0.81 | 1.70 | 0.90 | 1.75 | 1.77 | .41 | 0.0141 | 0.0010 | 0.58 |
| Often climbs on things shouldn’t | 0.74 | 1.80 | 0.68 | 2.26 | 3.04 | .22 | 0.0048 | 0.0012 | 0.33 |
| Often has trouble staying in seat | 0.63 | 2.45 | 0.52 | 3.46 | 7.04 | .03 | 0.0062 | 0.0036 | 0.17 |
| Often too fidgery or restless | 0.56 | 1.98 | 0.55 | 2.87 | 7.69 | .02 | 0.0188 | 0.0021 | 0.67 |
| Trouble staying in seat at school | 0.29 | 2.53 | 0.63 | 4.21 | 61.04 | .00 | 0.0940 | 0.0317 | 0.83 |
| At home often on the go/moving | 0.58 | 1.96 | 0.45 | 2.11 | 3.36 | .19 | 0.0213 | 0.0024 | 0.08 |
| Talks too much at school | 0.30 | 1.42 | 0.74 | 1.60 | 45.23 | .00 | 0.1022 | 0.0275 | 0.92 |
| Someone said child hyperactive | 0.05 | 1.83 | 0.20 | 3.26 | 36.41 | .00 | 0.0761 | 0.0181 | 0.75 |
| Always talking at home | −0.41 | 1.13 | 0.13 | 1.33 | 53.43 | .00 | 0.1438 | 0.0514 | 1.00 |
| Impulsive | |||||||||
| At school pushes/cuts in line | 1.00 | 3.75 | 1.15 | 2.74 | 4.45 | .11 | 0.0004 | 0.0018 | 0.38 |
| At school butts in on others | 1.09 | 2.55 | 0.97 | 3.70 | 3.64 | .16 | 0.0002 | 0.0014 | 0.50 |
| At school blurts out answers | 0.91 | 2.32 | 1.04 | 2.62 | 2.43 | .30 | 0.0016 | 0.0008 | 0.25 |
| Pushes/cuts ahead in line | 1.07 | 2.15 | 1.10 | 1.53 | 4.93 | .09 | 0.0016 | 0.0007 | 0.75 |
| At school has trouble waiting turn | 0.85 | 2.98 | 0.70 | 5.21 | 5.17 | .08 | 0.0013 | 0.0015 | 0.63 |
| At school talks when others are | 0.62 | 2.28 | 0.69 | 2.95 | 2.97 | .23 | 0.0018 | 0.0006 | 0.13 |
| Blurts out answers to questions | 0.31 | 1.46 | 0.27 | 1.35 | 1.29 | .52 | 0.0019 | 0.0004 | 0.88 |
| At home has trouble waiting turn | 0.41 | 1.41 | −0.04 | 1.64 | 30.06 | .00 | 0.0107 | 0.0110 | 1.00 |
| Concentration | |||||||||
| At school avoids concentrating lots | 0.80 | 4.19 | 0.89 | 6.46 | 5.25 | .07 | 0.0016 | 0.0016 | 0.86 |
| Easily distracted at home | 0.77 | 1.58 | 0.73 | 1.78 | 0.43 | .81 | 0.0002 | 0.0001 | 0.71 |
| Trouble paying attention to schoolwork | 0.67 | 2.41 | 0.55 | 3.57 | 3.98 | .14 | 0.0017 | 0.0018 | 0.14 |
| At home avoids concentrating lots | 0.62 | 2.65 | 0.62 | 2.14 | 1.13 | .57 | 0.0003 | 0.0001 | 0.43 |
| Dislikes school tasks needing attention | 0.49 | 4.63 | 0.59 | 4.40 | 4.50 | .11 | 0.0028 | 0.0050 | 1.00 |
| Easily distracted at school | 0.42 | 2.25 | 0.44 | 3.29 | 0.76 | .68 | 0.0003 | 0.0001 | 0.29 |
| Dislikes talks requiring attention | 0.19 | 3.50 | 0.03 | 2.67 | 6.24 | .04 | 0.0003 | 0.0002 | 0.57 |
| Organizational problems at school | |||||||||
| Forgets important things at school | 1.32 | 2.00 | 1.52 | 2.29 | 4.30 | .12 | 0.0036 | 0.0026 | 0.83 |
| Often loses things at school | 1.30 | 2.23 | 1.33 | 2.47 | 0.48 | .79 | 0.0010 | 0.0001 | 0.50 |
| Very disorganized at school | 1.41 | 2.26 | 1.21 | 2.07 | 5.30 | .07 | 0.0044 | 0.0026 | 0.17 |
| Lot of careless mistakes at school | 1.50 | 1.29 | 1.32 | 1.29 | 2.05 | .36 | 0.0026 | 0.0011 | 0.33 |
| At school does not seem to listen | 0.82 | 1.58 | 1.20 | 1.69 | 18.99 | .00 | 0.0081 | 0.0086 | 1.00 |
| Often needs reminded at school | 0.70 | 3.42 | 0.77 | 2.34 | 4.85 | .09 | 0.0028 | 0.0013 | 0.67 |
| Organizational problems at home | |||||||||
| Trouble paying attention to games | 1.59 | 1.98 | 1.74 | 1.90 | 1.57 | .46 | 0.0034 | 0.0014 | 0.67 |
| Often forgets what should be doing | 0.98 | 1.83 | 1.29 | 2.11 | 25.77 | .00 | 0.0146 | 0.0176 | 1.00 |
| Lot of careless mistakes, chores | 0.98 | 1.31 | 1.06 | 1.60 | 5.59 | .06 | 0.0043 | 0.0023 | 0.83 |
| Often loses things at home | 0.70 | 2.11 | 0.65 | 2.43 | 1.46 | .48 | 0.0024 | 0.0009 | 0.33 |
| At home has trouble finishing things | 0.42 | 1.80 | 0.31 | 2.27 | 6.00 | .05 | 0.0051 | 0.0039 | 0.17 |
| Very disorganized at home | 0.22 | 2.00 | 0.23 | 2.15 | 0.61 | .74 | 0.0004 | 0.0002 | 0.50 |