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Diagram of molecular mechanisms involved in the development of renal arteriolar hyalinosis. Increased TGF-β receptor activation leads to SMAD2/3 activation and increased production of collagen and fibronectin which are secreted to the smooth muscle cell causing injury and hyalinosis. TAC=tacrolimus, CsA=cyclosporine, TGF-β=transforming growth factor beta, FKBP=FK506 binding protein, CaN=calcineurin.
