Tumor growth/metastasis inhibition by nanoparticles containing siRNA and miRNA. (a) Images of the B16F10 tumor-bearing lungs on day 19 after two consecutive i.v. injections of siRNAs or miRNA in different formulations. (b) Luciferase activity in the tumor-bearing lungs on day 19 after two consecutive i.v. injections on days 8 and 9 of siRNAs and miRNA in different formulations. n = 5–6. ***P < 0.001. Formulations: untreated control (1), combined siRNAs and control miRNA in the GC4-targeted nanoparticles (2), control siRNA and miR-34a in the GC4-targeted nanoparticles (3), combined siRNAs and miR-34a in the control-targeted nanoparticles (4), and combined siRNAs and miR-34a in the GC4-targeted nanoparticles (5). Dose = 0.6 mg total RNA/kg. Combined siRNAs = c-Myc:MDM2:VEGF (1:1:1), siRNA:miRNA = 1:1, weight ratios. Reproduced with permission.[227] Copyright 2010, Nature Publishing Group.