Skip to main content
. 2012 Jun 27;142(8):1417–1428. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.159814

TABLE 2.

Change in erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition by FO and PL TRT over the 6-wk treatment period for all participants and grouped by ALOX5 genotype (“dd,” “d5,” and “55”)1

ANOVA P values2
Variable and TRT All participants “dd” “d5” “55” Adjust GT TRT GT x TRT
Participants, n
 All 95 22 48 25
 FO 49 12 24 13
 PL 46 10 24 12
mol %
16:0 (palmitic)
 All 0.32 ± 3.24 −0.53 ± 2.37 0.087 ± 2.98 1.51 ± 4.07 − 0.063 0.76 0.37
 FO 0.093 ± 2.88 −0.18 ± 2.44 0.17 ± 2.67 0.21 ± 3.75 + 0.21 0.78 0.13
 PL 0.56 ± 3.60 −0.94 ± 2.33 0.007 ± 3.32 2.93 ± 4.08
18:0 (stearic)
 All 0.073 ± 4.10 −0.18 ± 2.49 0.61 ± 3.48 −0.73 ± 5.94 − 0.80 0.75 0.78
 FO 0.25 ± 3.24 −0.58 ± 2.30 0.73 ± 3.24 0.12 ± 3.99 + 0.25 0.73 0.98
 PL −0.11 ± 4.88 0.30 ± 2.75 0.48 ± 3.78 −1.65 ± 7.60
18:1(n-9) (oleic)
 All −0.099 ± 2.32 0.032 ± 1.39 −0.61 ± 2.00 0.77 ± 3.18 − 0.23 0.0024 0.25
 FO −0.65 ± 2.00* −0.36 ± 1.12 −0.86 ± 2.56 −0.52 ± 1.49 + 0.84 0.0048 0.42
 PL 0.48 ± 2.50 0.50 ± 1.60 −0.37 ± 1.24 2.17 ± 3.94
18:1(n-7) (cis-vallenic)
 All 0.024 ± 0.43 0.053 ± 0.40 0.006 ± 0.46 0.034 ± 0.433 − 0.82 0.026 0.13
 FO −0.086 ± 0.33* −0.045 ± 0.24 −0.056 ± 0.39 −0.18 ± 0.28 + 0.79 0.10 0.28
 PL 0.14 ± 0.50 0.17 ± 0.52 0.068 ± 0.51 0.26 ± 0.46
18:2(n-6) (linoleic)
 All −0.56 ± 2.14 −0.18 ± 1.72 −0.68 ± 1.92 −0.65 ± 2.81 − 0.66 0.060 0.044
 FO −1.07 ± 1.96* 0.21 ± 1.17 −1.47 ± 1.25 −1.53 ± 2.98 + 0.78 0.042 0.48
 PL −0.009 ± 2.20 −0.64 ± 2.18 0.11 ± 2.16 0.29 ± 2.39
20:3(n-6) (dihomo-γ-linolenic)
 All −0.15 ± 0.32 −0.19 ± 0.25a,b −0.073 ± 0.35a −0.27 ± 0.30b − 0.033 0.0004 0.34
 FO −0.23 ± 0.36* −0.25 ± 0.28 −0.16 ± 0.44 −0.33 ± 0.24 + 0.032 <0.0001 0.38
 PL −0.071 ± 0.26 −0.13 ± 0.21 0.018 ± 0.19 −0.20 ± 0.35
20:4(n-6) (AA)
 All −0.73 ± 3.16 −0.27 ± 2.52 −0.69 ± 3.45 −1.22 ± 3.11 − 0.18 0.37 0.42
 FO −0.67 ± 2.46 −0.52 ± 2.78 −0.85 ± 2.04 −0.46 ± 3.01 + 0.063 0.33 0.55
 PL −0.80 ± 3.79 0.029 ± 2.29 0.53 ± 4.49 −2.04 ± 3.13
22:4(n-6) (adrenic)
 All −0.26 ± 0.75 −0.21 ± 0.83 −0.24 ± 0.61 −0.32 ± 0.94 − 0.28 0.0076 0.26
 FO −0.42 ± 0.74* −0.42 ± 0.88 −0.52 ± 0.58 −0.22 ± 0.88 + 0.062 0.0015 0.44
 PL −0.081 ± 0.74 0.037 ± 0.74 0.046 ± 0.51 −0.43 ± 1.03
22:5(n-6)
 All −0.058 ± 0.37 −0.096 ± 0.30 0.006 ± 0.22 −0.15 ± 0.58 − 0.63 0.055 0.56
 FO −0.14 ± 0.44* −0.16 ± 0.35 −0.062 ± 0.22 −0.26 ± 0.74 + 0.39 0.035 0.91
 PL 0.027 ± 0.24 −0.016 ± 0.23 0.074 ± 0.19 −0.032 ± 0.33
18:3(n-3) (α-linolenic)
 All 0.004 ± 0.12 −0.035 ± 0.19 0.019 ± 0.095 0.010 ± 0.096 − 0.77 0.58 0.48
 FO 0.000 ± 0.15 −0.062 ± 0.26 0.027 ± 0.097 0.007 ± 0.098 + 0.65 0.32 0.34
 PL 0.008 ± 0.086 −0.003 ± 0.040 0.011 ± 0.095 0.013 ± 0.098
20:4(n-3)
 All −0.005 ± 0.062 −0.020 ± 0.069 0.006 ± 0.057 −0.012 ± 0.065 − 0.82 0.68 0.38
 FO −0.003 ± 0.072 −0.038 ± 0.089 0.012 ± 0.076 0.003 ± 0.030 + 0.94 0.55 0.68
 PL −0.007 ± 0.050 0.002 ± 0.021 −0.001 ± 0.026 −0.029 ± 0.088
20:5(n-3) (EPA)
 All 0.65 ± 1.00 0.59 ± 0.85 0.66 ± 1.03 0.69 ± 1.11 − 0.90 <0.0001 0.14
 FO 1.29 ± 1.02* 0.97 ± 0.96 1.37 ± 1.04* 1.44 ± 1.07* + 0.81 <0.0001 0.028
 PL −0.021 ± 0.25 0.15 ± 0.37 −0.045 ± 0.18 −0.11 ± 0.23
22:5(n-3)
 All 0.28 ± 0.55 0.33 ± 0.50 0.32 ± 0.56 0.15 ± 0.58 − 0.40 <0.0001 0.16
 FO 0.56 ± 0.52* 0.53 ± 0.44 0.58 ± 0.62 0.55 ± 0.37 + 0.16 <0.0001 0.084
 PL −0.025 ± 0.40 0.10 ± 0.48 0.05 ± 0.31 −0.28 ± 0.43
22:6(n-3) (DHA)
 All 0.51 ± 1.24 0.66 ± 1.04 0.58 ± 1.18 0.25 ± 1.51 − 0.28 <0.0001 0.11
 FO 1.16 ± 1.14* 1.05 ± 1.03 1.16 ± 1.27* 1.24 ± 1.04* + 0.17 <0.0001 0.043
 PL −0.18 ± 0.96 0.19 ± 0.90 −0.01 ± 0.73 −0.83 ± 1.16
∑ SFA
 All 0.40 ± 4.52 −0.64 ± 4.05 0.71 ± 3.82 0.74 ± 5.97 − 0.26 0.73 0.85
 FO 0.30 ± 3.72 −0.82 ± 3.75 0.86 ± 3.91 0.31 ± 3.36 + 0.072 0.96 0.36
 PL 0.51 ± 5.27 −0.43 ± 4.57 0.56 ± 3.81 1.20 ± 8.06
∑ MUFA
 All −0.084 ± 2.65 0.090 ± 1.75 −0.63 ± 2.31 0.82 ± 3.58 − 0.27 0.0032 0.27
 FO −0.77 ± 2.28* −0.42 ± 1.29 −0.98 ± 2.91 −0.71 ± 1.67 + 0.90 0.0048 0.56
 PL 0.65 ± 2.84 0.70 ± 2.09 −0.29 ± 1.48 2.48 ± 4.39
∑(n-6) PUFA
 All −1.76 ± 4.08 −0.97 ± 4.60a −1.67 ± 3.62a,b −2.65 ± 4.42b − 0.17 0.018 0.34
 FO −2.53 ± 3.59* −1.17 ± 4.25 −3.04 ± 3.02 −2.84 ± 3.87 + 0.035 0.012 0.57
 PL −0.95 ± 4.44 −0.72 ± 5.21 −0.29 ± 3.70 −2.45 ± 5.12
∑(n-3) PUFA
 All 1.44 ± 2.58 1.52 ± 2.19 1.59 ± 2.55 1.09 ± 3.01 − 0.49 <0.0001 0.083
 FO 2.99 ± 2.44* 2.41 ± 2.28 3.16 ± 2.67* 3.23 ± 2.22* + 0.30 <0.0001 0.018
 PL −0.21 ± 1.48 0.45 ± 1.58 0.02 ± 1.02 −1.23 ± 1.76
mole % ratio
∑(n-6) PUFA:∑(n-3) PUFA
 All −1.03 ± 2.80 −1.49 ± 2.12 −1.00 ± 3.25 −0.69 ± 2.39 − 0.38 <0.0001 0.12
 FO −2.36 ± 2.57* −2.41 ± 2.49 −2.30 ± 3.10* −2.41 ± 1.55* + 0.49 <0.0001 0.042
 PL 0.38 ± 2.31 −0.38 ± 0.66 0.31 ± 2.90 1.17 ± 1.62
1

Values are mean ± SD. Means for a given GT within the same group (All, FO, or PL) without a common letter differ. *Different between TRT within the same group. Mean ± SD values are not adjusted. AA, arachidonic acid; FO, fish oil; GLM, generalized linear model; GT, genotype; PL, placebo; TRT, treatment group.

2

Statistical analysis (2-way ANOVA using a GLM) was performed on change in fatty acid (using ranked data, excepting linoleic acid and DHA, which were normally distributed) without adjustment (indicated by a minus sign in the “Adjust” column) and with adjustment (indicated by a plus sign in the “Adjust” column) for body weight, baseline concentration of the fatty acid of interest (using ranked data, excepting DHA, which were normally distributed at baseline), and rank of percent compliance. The values for these analyses indicate differences between TRT, among GT, or an interaction between the 2 (GT × TRT).