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. 2012 Jun 7;13(6):6883–6901. doi: 10.3390/ijms13066883

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© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Proposed signaling pathway for fragment C. Based on the results obtained by Aguilera and co-workers, fragment C can induce cerebellar granular cell survival under stress conditions, activating signaling pathways associated with Trk receptors that include the activation of PLC, the Ras/MAPK pathway and the PI3 pathway, leading to the survival of the cell [88,89]. Another possible retrograde pathway of fragment C of tetanus toxin is shared by p75^NTR, TrkB and BDNF, which is strongly dependent on the activities of the small GTPases Rab5 and Rab7 [56].