Mallison et al. (1998) |
MDD |
15 |
[123I] β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased brainstem |
Willeit et al. (2000) |
SAD |
11 |
[123I] β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased in thalamus but not midbrain |
Eggers et al. (2003) |
Wilson’s Dis |
23 |
[123I] β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased thalamus associated with depression |
Reivich et al. (2004) |
MDD |
4 |
[11C](+)McN5652 PET |
Increased in the frontal and cingulate cortices |
Meyer et al. (2004) |
MDD |
20 |
[11C]DASB PET |
No difference between MDD and controls, but increased in prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, and thalamus in patients with most depressive symptoms |
Newberg et al. (2005) |
MDD |
7 |
[123I] ADAM SPECT |
Decreased in midbrain |
Parsey et al. (2006) |
MDD |
25 |
[11C](+)McN5652 PET |
Decreased in midbrain and amygdala |
Lehto et al. (2006) |
Depression |
29 |
[123]nor-β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased in atypical and melancholic compared to controls, but not different in “undifferentiated” depression |
Joensuu et al. (2007) |
MDD |
29 |
[123]nor-β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased in midbrain |
Joensuu et al. (2010) |
MDD |
23 |
[123]nor-β-CIT SPECT |
Decreased medial prefrontal cortex in patients homozygous for the short allele of serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region gene |
Hammoud et al. (2010) |
HIV |
18 |
[11C]DASB PET |
HIV patients were decreased compared to controls, but depressed patients had relatively higher binding compared to non-depressed HIV patients |
Hsieh et al. (2010) |
MDD Hx |
13 |
[123I] ADAM SPECT |
No difference in euthymic patients with history of MDD |
Chou et al. (2010) |
Bipolar |
28 |
[123I] ADAM SPECT |
Decreased in midbrain in euthymic patients with Bipolar I Disorder but not Bipolar II Disorder |
Ruhé et al. (2009) |
MDD |
49 |
[123I] β-CIT SPECT |
Males had decreased midbrain compared to controls, but not women, and higher binding in all groups was found in the winter |