Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2012 May 29;26(6):996–1005. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.05.012

Fig. 3. The effects of surgery and SC on plasma IL-12 levels.

Fig. 3

IL-12 levels reduced in all time points measured following either surgery or SC (marked by *). Forty eight hrs post-operatively, IL-12 levels were higher than 24 hrs postoperatively (marked by #), implying on a commencing recovery. A significant effect for sex was evident, as males had higher levels of IL-12 compared to females. Data are presented as mean + SEM.