Table 1.
Characteristics of 2716 participants at baseline (CARDIA Year 15) and their association with fatigue at follow-up (CARDIA Year 20)
| Variable (range) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | Correlation coefficient or Mean fatigue score* | P from correlation or t-test* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early life stress (7–28), mean (SD) | 11.6 (4.1) | 0.138 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Age (33–45 years), mean (SD) | 40.3 (3.6) | −0.001 | 0.970 |
|
| |||
| Gender, N (%) | |||
| Male | 1232 (45.4) | 1.75 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 1484 (54.6) | 2.06 | |
|
| |||
| Ethnicity, N (%) | |||
| White | 1556 (57.3) | 1.94 | 0.350 |
| African-American | 1160 (42.7) | 1.90 | |
|
| |||
| Education (4–20 years), mean (SD) | 15.1 (2.5) | −0.044 | 0.023 |
|
| |||
| BMI (15.7–58.4 kg/m2), mean (SD) | 28.0 (6.1) | 0.116 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Medication use, N (%) | |||
| No | 2283 (84.1) | 1.88 | 0.0001 |
| Yes | 433 (15.9) | 2.12 | |
|
| |||
| Medical comorbidity, N (%) | |||
| No | 2070 (76.2) | 1.84 | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 646 (23.8) | 2.19 | |
|
| |||
| Current smoker, N (%) | |||
| No | 2180 (80.3) | 1.89 | 0.005 |
| Yes | 536(19.7) | 2.05 | |
|
| |||
| Daily alcohol consumption (0–564.9 mL), mean (SD) | 11.1 (26.1) | −0.024 | 0.215 |
|
| |||
| Physical activity score (0–1818), mean (SD) | 360 (284) | −0.195 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Current stress (1–4), mean (SD) | 1.8 (0.6) | 0.245 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Fatigue score (0–5), mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.1) | 0.471 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Pain score (0–4), mean (SD) | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.183 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Sleep quality score (0–8), mean (SD) | 2.2 (1.7) | 0.244 | <0.0001 |
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| |||
| Depression (total CES-D score) (0–60), mean (SD) | 8.8 (7.7) | 0.275 | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| CES-D without fatigue and sleep disturbance items (0–54), mean (SD) | 7.1 (6.6) | 0.258 | <0.0001 |
BMI = body mass index; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; SD = standard deviation
*
Correlation coefficient between the baseline variable and fatigue at follow-up when the baseline variable is continuous (P-value from correlation); and mean fatigue score at follow-up by each category of the baseline variable when the baseline variable is categorical (P-value from t-test).