Table 5.
Group effects1 on primary outcomes (natural log-transformed).
| Baseline (Visit 1) | Change, Visit 1 to 5 | Difference in Change versus Placebo | 95% CI | P-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| log(TNF-α) | |||||
| Placebo | 0.66 (0.25) | 0.11 (0.030) | |||
| 1.25 g/d n-3 | 0.74 (0.25) | 0.002 (0.028) | −0.11 (0.04) | −0.028 to −0.19 | 0.03 |
| 2.5 g/d n-3 | 0.71 (0.25) | −0.024 (0.029) | −0.13 (0.04) | −0.052 to −0.22 | 0.004 |
| log(IL-6) | |||||
| Placebo | 0.91 (0.60) | 0.31 (0.077) | |||
| 1.25 g/d n-3 | 1.02 (0.60) | −0.106 (0.070) | −0.41 (0.10) | −0.21 to −0.62 | 0.0003 |
| 2.5 g/d n-3 | 0.85 (0.60) | −0.123 (0.074) | −0.43 (0.11) | −0.22 to −0.64 | 0.0002 |
| CES-D, log | |||||
| Placebo | 1.5 (0.17) | −0.056 (0.15) | |||
| 1.25 g/d n-3 | 1.5 (0.17) | −0.29 (0.15) | −0.23 (0.21) | −0.64 to 0.18 | 0.80 |
| 2.5 g/d n-3 | 1.6 (0.17) | −0.26 (0.15) | −0.20 (0.21) | −0.61 to 0.21 | 1.00 |
1
Least squares means (SE) adjusted for gender. Cytokine models additionally adjusted for sagittal abdominal diameter.
2
Comparison to placebo, Bonferroni-adjusted within outcome to account for multiple testing. Tests are t-tests with degrees of freedom ranging from 451 to 530. There were no significant differences between supplement doses.