Table 1.
Nematode parasites of major concern
| Group of parasites | Examples | Common name | Clade | Host | Disease symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal/livestock | Haemonchus contortus | barber pole worm | V | sheep and goat | anemia, diarrhea, lethargy, death |
| Teladorsagia circumcincta | brown stomach worm | V | sheep and goat | ||
| Cooperia spp. | V | cattle | |||
| Ostertagia spp. | V | cattle | |||
| cyathostomins | V | horse | |||
| Parascaris equorum | III | horse | |||
| Gastrointestinal/human | Ascaris lumbricoides | roundworm | III | human | anemia, malnutrition, developmental and cognitive delay, intestinal obstruction, increased risk of other infections |
| Ancylostoma duodenale | human hookworm | V | human | ||
| Necator americanus | human hookworm | V | human | ||
| Trichuris trichiura | whipworm | I | human | ||
| Filarial/human | Wuchereria bancrofti | III | human | lymphoedema, hydrocoeles, elephantiasis, immune suppression, blindness, and skin disease |
|
| Brugia malayi | filarial nematode | III | human | ||
| Brugia timori | III | human | |||
| Loa loa | eye worm | III | human | ||
| Onchocerca volvulus | III | human |
Symptoms are listed by group (Kaplan 2004; Albonico et al. 2008; Keiser and Utzinger 2008; Bockarie and Deb 2010; Kaplan and Vidyashankar 2011). "Clade" refers to the five major phylogenetic groups within nematodes (Blaxter 1998; Blaxter et al., 1998). See text for details.