Table 2. NAC-Induced Changes in Glutamate (Glu), N-Acetylaspartate (NAA), and Glutamate+Glutamine (Glx) Referenced to Creatine and Referenced to the Unsuppressed Water Signal.
| Metabolite | Session |
CD group |
HC group |
F(df)a | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SE) | |||||
| Referenced to creatine | |||||
| Glu | Medication-free | 1.49 (0.07) | 1.32 (0.04) | 5.46 (1, 20) | 0.03 |
| NAC | 1.32 (0.04) | 1.35 (0.05) | |||
| Glx | Medication-free | 2.01 (0.08) | 1.91 (0.06) | 3.69 (1, 20) | 0.07 |
| NAC | 1.94 (0.06) | 2.00 (0.07) | |||
| NAA | Medication-free | 1.24 (0.04) | 1.29 (0.05) | 0.03 (1, 20) | 0.87 |
| NAC | 1.21 (0.03) | 1.25 (0.04) | |||
| Referenced to the unsuppressed water signal | |||||
| Glu | Medication-free | 8.39 (0.27) | 7.36 (0.23) | 4.90 (1, 20) | 0.04 |
| NAC | 7.69 (0.25) | 7.59 (0.21) | |||
| Glx | Medication-free | 11.33 (0.36) | 10.57 (0.29) | 2.51 (1, 20) | 0.13 |
| NAC | 11.15 (0.37) | 11.45 (0.37) | |||
| NAA | Medication-free | 6.99 (0.16) | 7.12 (0.12) | 0.19 (1, 20) | 0.66 |
| NAC | 6.95 (0.08) | 6.99 (0.18) | |||
| Cr | Medication-free | 5.66 (0.14) | 5.60 (0.16) | 0.01 (1, 20) | 0.92 |
| NAC | 5.75 (0.11) | 5.72 (0.19) | |||
a
Results are presented for the treatment (medication-free vs NAC) × group (CD vs HC) interaction effect. There were no significant main effects of session or group.