Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study participants
| Clinical characteristics | Total | Global DNA methylation status |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HpaII/MspI >median | HpaII/MspI <median | |||
| Patients, n | 44 | 22 | 22 | |
| Male, n (%) | 26 (59.0) | 12 (54.6) | 14 (63.6) | 0.54 |
| Mean age ± SD, years | 59 ± 12 | 59 ± 12 | 59 ± 11 | 0.97 |
| Mean body mass index ± SD | 21.8 ± 3.0 | 21.7 ± 3.1 | 21.9 ± 3.0 | 0.72 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 26 (59.1) | 11 (50.0) | 15 (68.2) | 0.22 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.28 | |||
| Current smoker | 9 (20.4) | 3 (13.6) | 6 (27.3) | |
| Ex-smoker | 16 (36.4) | 7 (31.8) | 9 (40.9) | |
| Medication, n (%) | ||||
| ACE-I/ARBs | 29 (65.9) | 16 (72.7) | 13 (59.1) | 0.34 |
| Statins | 13 (29.5) | 5 (22.7) | 8 (36.4) | 0.32 |
| Vitamin D | 25 (56.8) | 13 (59.1) | 12 (54.6) | 0.76 |
| ESA | 37 (84.1) | 19 (86.4) | 18 (81.2) | 0.68 |
| IV iron supplementation | 12 (27.3) | 5 (22.7) | 7 (31.8) | 0.50 |
| Oral iron supplementation | 6 (14.0) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (13.6) | 1.00 |
| Protein energy wasting, n (%) | 0.94 | |||
| SGA category B (mildly–moderately) | 29 (65.9) | 15 (68.2) | 14 (63.6) | |
| SGA category C (severely) | 4 (9.1) | 2 (9.1) | 2 (9.1) | |
| History of CVD | 12 (27.3) | 5 (22.7) | 7 (31.8) | 0.63 |
ACE-I = Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; ESA = erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; IV = intravenous.