TABLE 2.
Patient Characteristics of Cases and Controls
| Characteristic (nm = Cases/Controls) | Cases n = 146 | Controls n = 323 | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr, mean ± SD) | 55.0 ± 15.5 | 50.1 ± 15.2 | 1.022 (1.008, 1.035) | 0.001 |
| Male gender (%) | 43.2 | 38.4 | 1.22 (0.82, 1.81) | 0.33 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2, mean ± SD) (nm = 5/18) | 32.9 ± 11.9 | 33.4 ± 12.2 | 1.00 (0.98, 1.013) | 0.67 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 29.5 | 20.4 | 1.63 (1.038, 2.55) | 0.034 |
| Dyspnea (%) | 22.6 | 17.7 | 1.36 (0.84, 2.21) | 0.21 |
| ASA class (%) | 1.89 (1.36, 2.64)* | 0.0002 | ||
| 1 | 0 | 6.2 | ||
| 2 | 27.4 | 36.8 | ||
| 3 | 67.1 | 54.5 | ||
| 4 | 4.8 | 1.9 | ||
| 5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | ||
| Disseminated cancer (%) | 3.4 | 3.4 | 1.006 (0.34, 2.96) | 0.99 |
| Chemotherapy (within 30 d, %) | 2.1 | 0.6 | 3.37 (0.55, 20.51) | 0.19 |
| Radiation (within 90 d, %) | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.67 (0.37, 7.62) | 0.5 |
| Chronic steroid use (%) | 4.8 | 4.0 | 1.20 (0.47, 3.086) | 0.7 |
| Current smoker | 24.0 | 24.8 | 0.96 (0.61, 1.51) | 0.85 |
| Significant alcohol use (%) | 4.8 | 1.2 | 4.016 (1.15, 14.01) | 0.029 |
| Highest preoperative bilirubin level (mg/dL, mean ± SD) (nm = 37/120) | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 1.018 (0.82, 1.26) | 0.87 |
| Lowest preoperative albumin level (g/dL, mean ± SD) (nm = 34/92) | 3.4 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 0.78 (0.55, 1.11) | 0.16 |
*
Per unit of increasing ASA class.
SD indicates standard deviation; nm, number missing; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.