Table 1.
Characteristics of patients at baseline
| Characteristics | Men | Women | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number |
160 |
195 |
|
| Age (years) |
59.1 ± 9.5 |
58.5 ± 7.9 |
0.47 |
| Duration (years) |
7.0 ± 5.9 |
7.8 ± 5.7 |
0.18 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
24.4 ± 2.8 |
24.3 ± 3.4 |
0.73 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
122.2 ± 10.8 |
124.6 ± 14.6 |
0.10 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
78.2 ± 7.4 |
77.2 ± 8.6 |
0.25 |
| HbA1c (%) |
6.7 ± 1.1 |
6.7 ± 1.2 |
0.99 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) |
5.0 ± 0.9 |
5.1 ± 0.8 |
0.09 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) |
1.4 ± 1.0 |
1.5 ± 0.8 |
0.40 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) |
1.5 ± 0.3 |
1.5 ± 0.2 |
0.05 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) |
3.0 ± 0.7 |
3.1 ± 0.6 |
0.23 |
| Smoking (%) |
17.2 |
18.5 |
0.76 |
| Alcohol intake (%) |
10.2 |
7.7 |
0.44 |
| History of hypertension (%) |
51.9 |
53.8 |
0.71 |
| History of hyperlipidemia (%) |
40.6 |
43.1 |
0.64 |
| Anti-diabetic treatment (%) |
81.9 |
83.6 |
0.67 |
| Anti-hyperlipidemia treatment (%) |
13.8 |
20.0 |
0.12 |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment (%) |
51.3 |
51.3 |
0.99 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) |
8.1 |
13.3 |
0.13 |
| Microvascular disease (%) | 29.4 | 34.9 | 0.31 |
Abbreviations: HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein.