Figure 6.

When there is within-deme temporal variation in the environment, the mean phenotypic optimum across demes no longer predicts the optimal reaction norm. The optimal reaction norm will be steeper than this mean (e.g., high dispersal and temporal variation in Fig. 5B) because of the increase in the total range of environmental variation across the metapopulation. The exact difference between the mean phenotypic optimum and the optimal reaction norm will depend on the frequency distribution of the temporal variation.