Table 3.

Changes in total amino acid composition of KMD rice.

Amino acid	Concentration (μmol/g FW)		P value
	KMD (means ± s.e.m)	XS11 (means ± s.e.m)
L-phenylalanine	33.7 ± 1.57	24.61 ± 1.66	3.93E-05
L-methionine	5.02 ± 0.38	2.24 ± 0.57	1.78E-03
L-glutamine	19.18 ± 1.5	14.92 ± 2.00	4.80E-03
L-leucine	57.73 ± 3.15	39.66 ± 0.89	5.34E-03
L-valine	57.82 ± 1.45	42.07 ± 3.39	6.25E-03
γ-amino-n-butyric acid	5.39 ± 0.81	3.18 ± 0.36	1.37E-02
L-aspartic acid	60.26 ± 3.08	40.06 ± 5.56	0.020
L-proline	44.71 ± 4.51	34.75 ± 2.04	0.024
L-alanine	85.19 ± 8.46	64.70 ± 3.31	0.032
L-isoleucine	36.43 ± 2.87	26.92 ± 2.15	0.033
L-histidine	21.27 ± 2.99	14.37 ± 0.37	0.048
L-glutamic acid	50.97 ± 12.13	35.17 ± 5.17	0.067
L-lysine	53.34 ± 6.8	38.14 ± 4.78	0.072
L-tryptophan	9.55 ± 1.62	4.89 ± 0.78	0.069
L-serine	109.00 ± 21.67	55.39 ± 10.37	0.085
glycine	106.23 ± 17.88	69.36 ± 6.40	0.107
L-threonine	35.76 ± 3.89	31.40 ± 2.81	0.122
L-Ornithine	25.02 ± 11.89	8.10 ± 1.55	0.128
L-tyrosine	20.02 ± 3.62	13.18 ± 1.82	0.161
ethanolamine (EtN)	2.85 ± 0.47	2.23 ± 0.06	0.166
L-arginine (Arg)	29.00 ± 2.02	23.36 ± 2.79	0.166
L-citrulline (Cit)	2.70 ± 0.72	3.38 ± 0.22	0.283
D,L-β-amino-isobutyric acid (bAib)	1.50 ± 0.72	1.24 ± 0.22	0.478
β-alanine (bAla)	5.63 ± 0.76	5.38 ± 0.47	0.563

Student's t-tests were performed between 30-day seedling leaves of KMD rice and XS11 rice for three biological replicates. Results are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Bold text indicates significant differences between KMD and XS11 rice with P ≥ 0.05.