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Experimentally measured time-dependent values for a constant current of 0.4 mA - the minimum current needed to initiate E-gel formation. (A) Voltage necessary to maintain the constant current of 0.4 mA using the setup of Fig. 1. (B) E-gel growth curve for 0.4 mA. E-gel depth Lg is defined as the distance from the E-gel forming front to the (+) electrode (Fig. 2). Error bars are standard deviation from N=4 experiments.
