Table 6. Comparison of individual and household level model to community level model, sigma mu and likelihood ratio test p-value reported for 21 study countries.
| Region and Country | Individual Level Model Sigma Mu (SE)1 | Community Level Model Sigma Mu (SE)1 | Likelihood Ratio Test(p-value)2 | |
| Eastern Africa | ||||
| Ethiopia (2005) | 0.73 (0.06) | 0.66 (0.06) | <0.0001 | |
| Kenya (2008–09) | 0.50 (0.06) | 0.39 (0.06) | <0.0001 | |
| Madagascar (2008–09) | 0.70 (0.04) | 0.60 (0.04) | <0.0001 | |
| Rwanda (2005) | 0.63 (0.09) | 0.54 (0.09) | 0.0003 | |
| Uganda (2006) | 0.46 (0.07) | 0.40 (0.07) | <0.0001 | |
| Zambia (2007) | 0.64 (0.06) | 0.47 (0.06) | <0.0001 | |
| Zimbabwe (2005–06) | 0.47 (0.06) | 0.38 (0.06) | 0.0001 | |
| Middle Africa | ||||
| Congo (2005) | 0.17 (0.16) | 0.003 (0.028) | 0.4253 | |
| Democratic Republic of Congo (2007) | 0.72 (0.08) | 0.64 (0.08) | 0.0081 | |
| Northern Africa | ||||
| Egypt (2008) | 0.59 (0.03) | 0.45 (0.03) | <0.0001 | |
| Southern Africa | ||||
| Namibia (2006–07) | 0.13 (0.18) | 0.003 (0.022) | 0.0001 | |
| Swaziland (2006–07) | 0.003 (0.030) | 0.002 (0.019) | 0.2863 | |
| Western Africa | ||||
| Benin (2006) | 0.56 (0.07) | 0.54 (0.07) | 0.6813 | |
| Ghana (2008) | 0.54 (0.10) | 0.52 (0.11) | 1.0000 | |
| Guinea (2005) | 0.76 (0.10) | 0.64 (0.10) | 0.0062 | |
| Liberia (2007) | 0.48 (0.10) | 0.42 (0.11) | 0.3057 | |
| Mali (2006) | 0.42 (0.06) | 0.36 (0.07) | 0.0002 | |
| Niger (2006) | 0.69 (0.09) | 0.58 (0.09) | 0.0001 | |
| Nigeria (2008) | 0.72 (0.04) | 0.58 (0.04) | <0.0001 | |
| Senegal (2005) | 0.61 (0.06) | 0.47 (0.06) | <0.0001 | |
| Sierra Leone (2008) | 0.71 (0.11) | 0.58 (0.11) | 0.0027 |
1 Models where variables account for all the PSU level variation are bolded.
2 Two-tailed p-value was used.