Figure 7. Smurf1 and Smurf2 are both required for normal head development in early Xenopus embryos.

Knockdown of either Smurf led to malformation of the head in the resulting tadpoles, with Smurf1 morphants displaying a more severe phenotype. Depletion of both Smurfs exacerbated the head defects, suggesting that the two Smurfs have redundant activities in regulation of head development. The numbers indicate the embryos showing the phenotype.