hASCs attachment to scaffolds and initiation of osteogenic differentiation at 48 hours post defects implantation. A, staining for Hematoxylin and B, DAPI revealed hASC attachment in vivo after 48 hours. C, immunohistochemistry for PCNA (Panel C), did not reveal major differences in proliferation between untreated and VEGFA treated hASCs. D, immunohistochemistry for RUNX2 revealed similar staining in VEGFA treated hASCs as compared to untreated hASCs, while no staining was observed in the control groups. Scale bars: A, C, D 50 μm, B, 100 μm.