Table 1. Demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients with CHF.
| Demographics and Clinical characteristics | Preserved LVF(N = 111) | Reduced LVF(N = 198) | All(N = 309) | P value |
| Age (years) | 75±12 | 72±12 | 73±12 | 0.07 |
| Male | 39 (35%) | 126 (64%) | 165 (53%) | <0.001 |
| Admission due to HF | 66 (59%) | 120 (61%) | 186 (60%) | 0.8 |
| Hospital mean duration (days) | 10±8 | 9±7 | 9±7 | 0.3 |
| NYHA FC Class III-IV | 79 (71%) | 143 (72%) | 222 (72%) | 0.8 |
| Admission Systolic BP (mmHG) | 142±32 | 132±28 | 136±29 | <0.01 |
| Admission Diastolic BP (mmHG) | 75±15 | 72±13 | 73±14 | 0.06 |
| Pulse Pressure (mmHG) | 67±23 | 61±22 | 63±23 | 0.02 |
| Admission Pulse (bpm) | 81±17 | 82±21 | 81±19 | 0.8 |
| Peripheral Edema | 63 (57%) | 107 (54%) | 170 (55%) | 0.6 |
| Pulmonary Congestion - CXR | 47 (42%) | 93 (47%) | 140 (45%) | 0.4 |
| Concurrent Illnesses | ||||
| Ischemic Heart Disease | 61 (55%) | 148 (75%) | 209 (68%) | <0.001 |
| S/P Myocardial Infarction | 20 (18%) | 66 (33%) | 86 (28%) | <0.01 |
| S/P Coronary bypass surgery | 8 (7%) | 44 (22%) | 52 (17%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 68 (61%) | 104 (53%) | 172 (56%) | 0.1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 42 (38%) | 84 (42%) | 126 (41%) | 0.4 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 25 (23%) | 61 (31%) | 86 (28%) | 0.1 |
| Valve Disease | 30 (27%) | 42 (21%) | 72 (23%) | 0.2 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 40 (36%) | 62 (31%) | 102 (33%) | 0.4 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 6 (5%) | 27 (14%) | 33 (11%) | 0.02 |
| S/P TIA or CVA | 10 (9%) | 28 (14%) | 38 (12%) | 0.2 |
| Chronic Obstructive Lung | 36 (32%) | 49 (25%) | 85 (28%) | 0.1 |
| Laboratory Data on Discharge | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.3±2.1 | 11.4±1.8 | 11.3±1.9 | 0.6 |
| Serum Creatinine (µmol/L) | 129 (95–177) | 120 (90–162) | 134 (96–181) | 0.2 |
| Serum Urea (mmol/L) | 12.8 (8.9–19.4) | 12.1 (8.4–18.2) | 13.7 (9.3–19.6) | 0.2 |
| Serum Na+ (mEq/L) | 139 (135–141) | 139 (135–142) | 140 (135–141) | 0.8 |
| Echocardiography Data | ||||
| LA size (cm) | 5.9±1.0 | 5.9±0.8 | 5.9±0.9 | 0.7 |
| LV EDD (cm) | 5.0±0.6 | 5.9±0.9 | 5.6±0.9 | <0.001 |
| LV ESD (cm) | 3.2±0.5 | 4.8±1.0 | 4.2±1.1 | <0.001 |
| Intraventricular Septum (cm) | 1.15±0.21 | 1.01±0.30 | 1.06±0.27 | <0.01 |
| Severe Mitral Regurgitation | 16 (15%) | 27 (15%) | 43 (15%) | 0.7 |
| Reduced RVF | 27 (26%) | 83 (43%) | 110 (37%) | <0.01 |
| Tricuspid inflow PG (mmHg) | 42.5±15.4 | 38.0±13.2 | 39.8±14.3 | 0.03 |
| Pharmacological Treatment on Discharge | ||||
| ACE-inhibitor/ARB | 77 (69%) | 142 (72%) | 219 (71%) | 0.6 |
| Beta blockers | 30 (27%) | 112 (57%) | 142 (46%) | <0.001 |
| Spironolactone | 32 (29%) | 55 (28%) | 87 (28%) | 0.8 |
| Furosemide | 84 (76%) | 142 (72%) | 225 (73%) | 0.9 |
| Digoxin | 18 (16%) | 52 (26%) | 70 (23%) | 0.05 |
| Nitrates | 41 (37%) | 93 (47%) | 133 (43%) | 0.1 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 36 (32%) | 34 (17%) | 70 (23%) | <0.01 |
| Statins | 25 (23%) | 61 (31%) | 86 (28%) | 0.1 |
| Anticoagulants | 29 (26%) | 41 (21%) | 70 (23%) | 0.3 |
| Aspirin | 47 (42%) | 116 (59%) | 163 (53%) | 0.02 |
| Anti-arrhythmic | 24 (22%) | 41 (21%) | 65 (21%) | 0.8 |
Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and counts (percentages) for categorical variables. P value by the student T test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and the Chi-Square Test for categorical variables.
CXR - Chest X ray. LA - left atrium. LV - left ventricle. EDD – end diastolic diameter. ESD – end systolic diameter. RVF – right ventricle function. PG –pressure gradient.