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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Congest Heart Fail. 2012 Apr 26;18(4):192–197. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7133.2011.00282.x

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Raw, unadjusted mean changes (± SD) in heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in the two study groups. P values represent comparison of the transformed data after adjusting for age, gender, pulse pressure, heart failure category (preserved vs reduced ejection fraction), and baseline values of HRV and exercise capacity. Black boxes represent the attention control group; white boxes represent the exercise Training group; SDNN = the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals; RMSSD = the root mean square of successive differences in normal RR intervals.