Mean plasma concentration-time profiles for oseltamivir (a, c, e) and oseltamivir carboxylate (b, d, f) after a single oral dose of oseltamivir (30 mg/kg) to adult rats. Oseltamivir was dosed either as a water solution (a, b), as a solution in bovine milk (c, d), or as a water solution containing 125 mM Gly-Sar (e, f). The rats were either fed (closed circles) or fasted (open circles). Values are mean ± S.D. (n = 3/group).