Table 3.
Summary of hierarchic regression analysis for variables predicting violence at ages 15–18 years—core variables (n=685)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| B |
p- value |
OR (95% CI) |
B |
p- value |
OR (95% CI) |
B |
p- value |
OR (95% CI) |
B |
p- value |
OR (95% CI) |
|
| Male | 0.487 | 0.004 | 1.628 (1.17,2.26) |
0.377 | 0.029 | 1.457 (1.04,2.04) |
0.356 | 0.039 | 1.428 (1.02,2.00) |
0.201 | 0.270 | 1.222 (0.856,1.745) |
| Poverty | 0.729 | 0.000 | 2.074 (1.45,2.97) |
0.676 | 0.000 | 1.967 (1.37,2.82) |
0.597 | 0.002 | 1.817 (1.25,2.634) |
0.533 | 0.006 | 1.705 (1.16,2.502) |
| African-American | 0.158 | 0.454 | 1.171 (0.77,1.773) |
0.120 | 0.576 | 1.127 (0.74,1.714) |
0.051 | 0.820 | 1.052 (0.680,1.627) |
0.031 | 0.891 | 1.032 (0.658,1.619) |
| Native American | 0.645 | 0.085 | 1.906 (0.91,3.977) |
0.629 | 0.097 | 1.875 (0.89,3.943) |
0.553 | 0.151 | 1.738 (0.818,3.691) |
0.640 | 0.105 | 1.896 (0.875,4.110) |
| Asian-American | −0.823 | 0.001 | 0.439 (0.27,0.703) |
−0.672 | 0.006 | 0.511 (0.316,0.825) |
−0.729 | 0.004 | 0.482 (0.294,0.792) |
−0.550 | 0.039 | 0.577 (0.342,0.973) |
| Attention problems/ADHD ages 10– 12 years (R) |
0.635 | 0.001 | 1.888 (1.29,2.77) |
0.551 | 0.006 | 1.734 (1.168,2.575) |
0.543 | 0.009 | 1.722 (1.14,2.595) |
|||
| CAT scores ages 10–12 years (P) | −0.284 | 0.197 | 0.753 (0.489,1.159) |
−0.214 | 0.345 | 0.807 (0.517,1.259) |
||||||
| Low expectations/aspirations toward school ages 10–12 years (R) |
0.250 | 0.205 | 1.284 (0.872,1.889) |
0.194 | 0.343 | 1.214 (0.813,1.811) |
||||||
| School attachment ages 10–12 years (P) |
0.000 | 0.999 | 1.000 (0.674,1.484) |
0.085 | 0.683 | 1.089 (0.722,1.642) |
||||||
| Low school commitment ages 10– 12 years(R) |
0.158 | 0.457 | 1.172 (0.772,1.778) |
−0.041 | 0.855 | 0.960 (0.621,1.484) |
||||||
| Peer delinquency ages 10–12 years (R) |
0.410 | 0.025 | 1.507 (1.05, 2.158) |
|||||||||
| Neighborhood kids in trouble ages 10–12 years (R) |
0.440 | 0.045 | 1.553 (1.009, 2.39) |
|||||||||
| Low neighborhood attachment ages 10–12 years (R) |
0.331 | 0.113 | 1.393 (0.924, 2.099) |
|||||||||
| Perceived availability of and exposure to marijuana ages 10–12 years (R) |
0.656 | 0.001 | 1.927 (1.298, 2.86) |
|||||||||
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.085 | 0.105 | 0.112 | 0.169 | ||||||||
| −2 Log-likelihood | 848.44 | 837.874 | 833.711 | 802.283 | ||||||||
| log-likelihood ratio test (χ2-value) | 43.708** | 10.566** | 4.163 | 31.428** | ||||||||
(R) indicates risk effect
(P) indicates direct protective effect