Table 3.
ATQ Question Number | N | % |
---|---|---|
1. Described theories used in designing behavioral interventions** | 26 | 100 |
7. Described the delivery method | 26 | 100 |
14. Described specific objectives and hypotheses | 26 | 100 |
15. Clearly defined primary and secondary outcome measures | 26 | 100 |
20. Described the unit of assignment (the unit being assigned to study condition, e.g., individual, group, community) | 26 | 100 |
24. Reported the smallest unit that was analyzed to assess intervention effects (e.g., individual, group, or community) and analytical method used to
account for this if the unit of analysis differed from the unit of assignment |
26 | 100 |
25. Described the statistical methods used to compare study groups for primary outcomes, including complex methods for correlated data | 26 | 100 |
44. Summarized results for each condition for each primary and secondary outcome | 26 | 100 |
49. Summarized other analyses performed, including subgroup or restricted analyses, indicating which are pre-specified or exploratory | 26 | 100 |
51. Interpreted the results, taking into account study hypotheses, sources of potential bias, imprecision of measures, multiplicative analyses, and other limitations or weaknesses of the study |
26 | 100 |
56. Described the general interpretation of the results in the context of current evidence and current theory | 26 | 100 |
6. Described the content of interventions intended for each study condition | 25 | 96.2 |
8. Described the unit of delivery or how subjects were grouped during delivery | 25 | 96.2 |
11. Reported the number of sessions or events that were intended to be delivered | 25 | 96.2 |
26. Described the statistical methods used for additional analysis, such as subgroup analyses and adjusted analysis | 25 | 96.2 |
37. Described baseline characteristics for each study condition relevant to the gamblers being studied | 25 | 96.2 |
2. Described the eligibility criteria for participants, including criteria at different levels in recruitment / sampling plan | 24 | 92.3 |
3. Described the method of recruitment (e.g., referral, self-selection) | 24 | 92.3 |
30. Reported the number of participants assigned to each study condition | 24 | 92.3 |
36. Described baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of participants in each study condition | 23 | 88.5 |
41. Described the data on group equivalence at baseline and the statistical methods to control for baseline differences, if found | 23 | 88.5 |
45. Reported the estimated effect size | 23 | 88.5 |
52. Described the extent that the limitations affect the validity of the study (and reasons) | 23 | 88.5 |
31. Reported the number of participants who received each study condition | 22 | 84.6 |
32. Reported the number of participants who completed the follow up or did not complete the follow up by study condition | 22 | 84.6 |
42. Reported the number of participants (denominator) included in each analysis for each study condition, particularly when the denominators change for different outcomes; statement of the results in absolute numbers when feasible |
22 | 84.6 |
9. Reported the person who delivered the intervention | 21 | 80.8 |
17. Described the methods of data collection for each study variable | 21 | 80.8 |
21. Described methods used to adding units to study condition including details of any restrictions (e.g., blocking, stratification) | 21 | 80.8 |
16. Provided justification for outcomes measures | 20 | 76.9 |
29. Reported the number of participants screened for eligibility, found to be eligible or not eligible, delinked to be enrolled, and enrolled in the study | 20 | 76.9 |
43. Indicated whether the analysis was “intention-to-treat,” or, if not description of how non-compliers were considered in the analysis | 20 | 76.9 |
12. Reported the duration of each session | 19 | 73.1 |
27. Described the method for imputing missing data | 18 | 69.2 |
47. Described the null and negative findings | 18 | 69.2 |
57. Reported funding for the study | 17 | 65.4 |
18. Reported the psychometric properties of each outcome measure | 15 | 57.7 |
4. Reported the recruitment setting (e.g. gay bar, city) | 14 | 53.8 |
55. Discussed the generalizability (external validity) of the trial findings, taking into account the study population, the characteristics of the
intervention, length of follow up, incentives, compliance rates, specific sites/ settings involved in the study, and other contextual issues |
14 | 53.8 |
10. Described the intervention setting | 13 | 50.0 |
13. Reported activities to increase compliance or adherence (e.g. incentives) | 12 | 46.2 |
58. Reported involvement with IRB | 11 | 42.3 |
54. Discussed the success of and barriers to implementing the intervention; fidelity of implementation | 10 | 38.5 |
19. Described how the sample size was determined and, when applicable, explained any interim analyses and stopping rules | 9 | 34.6 |
23. Reported whether participants or researchers were blinded to study condition assignment, and if so, described how the blinding was accomplished and assessed |
9 | 34.6 |
28. Reported the statistical software used | 9 | 34.6 |
34. Reported the dates defining the periods of recruitment | 8 | 30.8 |
38. Described baseline characteristics of those lost to follow-up and those retained, overall | 6 | 23.1 |
53. Interpreted the results, taking into account study hypotheses, sources of potential bias, imprecision of measures, multiplicative analyses, and other
limitations or weaknesses of the study |
6 | 23.1 |
46. Reported a confidence interval to indicate precision | 5 | 19.2 |
5. Described the sampling method | 4 | 15.4 |
40. Presented a comparison between study population at baseline and target population of interest | 4 | 15.4 |
22. Described methods to minimize potential bias due to non-randomization or randomization (e.g. matching) | 3 | 11.5 |
39. Described baseline characteristics of those lost to follow-up and those retained, by study condition | 3 | 11.5 |
59. Reported registration number and name of trial registry | 3 | 11.5 |
48. Described how the investigators tested pre-specified causal pathways through which the intervention was intended to operate, if any (e.g, as for CBT) | 2 | 7.7 |
33. Described protocol deviations from study as planned along with reasons | 1 | 3.8 |
50. Reported all important adverse events or unintended effects in each study condition | 1 | 3.8 |
35. Reported dates defining the periods of treatment and follow-up | 0 | 0.0 |
Mean for all questions | 16.9 | 63.8 |
Mean for particularly important questions | 15.3 | 66.5 |
Adapted TREND Questionnaire
Bold items correspond to the TREND Statement’s list particularly important transparency standards