. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 22.

Published in final edited form as: Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2008 May;10(2):105–110. doi: 10.1007/s11908-008-0019-6

Table 1.

Therapies and diseases associated with hyperinfection syndrome

Therapies^*
Corticosteroids	Doxorubicin
Vinca alkaloids	Daunorubicin
Azathioprine	Ifosfamide
Cyclophosphamide	Melphalan
Antithymocyte globulin	Carmustine
Anti-CD3	VP16
Chlorambucil	Mitoxantrone
6-mercaptopurine	Total body irradiation
Methotrexate	Etanercept
Bleomycin

Diseases
HTLV-1	Malnutrition
Hypogammaglobulinemia	Hematologic malignancies (eg, lymphoma)

Glucocorticoids were administered concurrently with many of the drugs listed in this table, and attributing hyperinfection syndrome to any of these drugs alone is difficult.

HTLV-1— human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1.