. 2012 Jul 19;2(4):e000761. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000761

Table 5.

Vaccine efficacy against overall mortality for one dose of standard-titre measles vaccine before 9 months of age

Country	Period	Comparison	Results (95% CI)
Early measles vaccination at 7 months of age compared with children unvaccinated community
Congo¹¹	1974–1977	MV administered at 7 months of age; children followed to 21 and 34 months of age. Mortality from 7 to 21 months of age for vaccinated children (3/230.5 person-years) compared with unvaccinated children from control area (21/470.7 person-years)	MRR for 7–21 months =0.29 (0.09–0.98)
Congo¹¹	1974–1977		MRR for 7–34 months =0.52 (0.21–1.27)
Comparing MV at 4–8 months vs MV at 9–11 months of age
Guinea-Bissau⁵⁷	1980–1982	Natural experiment: MV at 4–8 months vs MV at 9–11 months compared from 9 to 60 months of age	MRR (MV 4–8 months/MV 9–11 months) 0.69 (0.46–1.08)
Comparing children randomised to MV at 6 months vs IPV at 6 months during a war situation
Guinea-Bissau⁵⁸	1998	Children were randomised to MV (4/214) or inactivated polio vaccine (11/219) at 6 months of age. Due to a war, they did not receive the planned MV at 9 months. Follow-up for 3 months in a war situation	70% (13–92)

Sources: All studies examining the general effect of standard measles vaccine (MV) on child survival (as compiled by all available reviews³⁰ ⁵³ ⁵⁴) have been screened for information on measles vaccination before 9 months of age. There have been several other studies of the impact of MV before 12 months of age on child survival^59–67 but most of these studies could not distinguish the effect of MV before 9 months of age. However, all studies suggested that early MV had a better effect on child survival than later MV. The studies where children received diphtheria–pertussis–tetanus or inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) with early MV or shortly after MV have not been included in the present table⁵⁵ ⁵⁶ ⁶⁸ since this sequence have unfortunate consequences.⁵⁵ ⁶⁸ No additional studies of one-dose measles vaccination/immunisation before 9 months of age reporting impact on mortality were found by PubMed searches. MMR, mortality rate ratio.